1 package Koha::SearchEngine::Elasticsearch;
3 # Copyright 2015 Catalyst IT
5 # This file is part of Koha.
7 # Koha is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
8 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 # (at your option) any later version.
12 # Koha is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13 # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 # GNU General Public License for more details.
17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 # along with Koha; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
20 use base qw(Class::Accessor);
25 use Koha::Exceptions::Config;
26 use Koha::Exceptions::Elasticsearch;
27 use Koha::SearchFields;
28 use Koha::SearchMarcMaps;
31 use C4::AuthoritiesMarc;
38 use Search::Elasticsearch;
42 use List::Util qw( sum0 reduce all );
45 use Encode qw(encode);
47 use Scalar::Util qw(looks_like_number);
49 __PACKAGE__->mk_ro_accessors(qw( index index_name ));
50 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(qw( sort_fields ));
52 # Constants to refer to the standard index names
53 Readonly our $BIBLIOS_INDEX => 'biblios';
54 Readonly our $AUTHORITIES_INDEX => 'authorities';
58 Koha::SearchEngine::Elasticsearch - Base module for things using elasticsearch
66 The name of the index to use, generally 'biblios' or 'authorities'.
70 The Elasticsearch index name with Koha instance prefix.
83 # Check for a valid index
84 Koha::Exceptions::MissingParameter->throw('No index name provided') unless $params->{index};
85 my $config = _read_configuration();
86 $params->{index_name} = $config->{index_name} . '_' . $params->{index};
88 my $self = $class->SUPER::new(@_);
92 =head2 get_elasticsearch
94 my $elasticsearch_client = $self->get_elasticsearch();
96 Returns a C<Search::Elasticsearch> client. The client is cached on a C<Koha::SearchEngine::ElasticSearch>
97 instance level and will be reused if method is called multiple times.
101 sub get_elasticsearch {
103 unless (defined $self->{elasticsearch}) {
104 $self->{elasticsearch} = Search::Elasticsearch->new(
105 $self->get_elasticsearch_params()
108 return $self->{elasticsearch};
111 =head2 get_elasticsearch_params
113 my $params = $self->get_elasticsearch_params();
115 This provides a hashref that contains the parameters for connecting to the
116 ElasicSearch servers, in the form:
119 'nodes' => ['127.0.0.1:9200', 'anotherserver:9200'],
120 'index_name' => 'koha_instance_index',
123 This is configured by the following in the C<config> block in koha-conf.xml:
126 <server>127.0.0.1:9200</server>
127 <server>anotherserver:9200</server>
128 <index_name>koha_instance</index_name>
133 sub get_elasticsearch_params {
138 $conf = _read_configuration();
140 if ( ref($_) eq 'Koha::Exceptions::Config::MissingEntry' ) {
148 =head2 get_elasticsearch_settings
150 my $settings = $self->get_elasticsearch_settings();
152 This provides the settings provided to Elasticsearch when an index is created.
153 These can do things like define tokenization methods.
155 A hashref containing the settings is returned.
159 sub get_elasticsearch_settings {
162 # Use state to speed up repeated calls
163 state $settings = undef;
164 if (!defined $settings) {
165 my $config_file = C4::Context->config('elasticsearch_index_config');
166 $config_file ||= C4::Context->config('intranetdir') . '/admin/searchengine/elasticsearch/index_config.yaml';
167 $settings = YAML::XS::LoadFile( $config_file );
173 =head2 get_elasticsearch_mappings
175 my $mappings = $self->get_elasticsearch_mappings();
177 This provides the mappings that get passed to Elasticsearch when an index is
182 sub get_elasticsearch_mappings {
185 # Use state to speed up repeated calls
189 if (!defined $all_mappings{$self->index}) {
190 $sort_fields{$self->index} = {};
191 # Clone the general mapping to break ties with the original hash
193 data => clone(_get_elasticsearch_field_config('general', ''))
195 my $marcflavour = lc C4::Context->preference('marcflavour');
196 $self->_foreach_mapping(
198 my ( $name, $type, $facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $marc_type ) = @_;
199 return if $marc_type ne $marcflavour;
200 # TODO if this gets any sort of complexity to it, it should
201 # be broken out into its own function.
203 # TODO be aware of date formats, but this requires pre-parsing
204 # as ES will simply reject anything with an invalid date.
205 my $es_type = 'text';
206 if ($type eq 'boolean') {
207 $es_type = 'boolean';
208 } elsif ($type eq 'number' || $type eq 'sum') {
209 $es_type = 'integer';
210 } elsif ($type eq 'isbn' || $type eq 'stdno') {
212 } elsif ($type eq 'year') {
217 $mappings->{data}{properties}{$name} = _get_elasticsearch_field_config('search', $es_type);
221 $mappings->{data}{properties}{ $name . '__facet' } = _get_elasticsearch_field_config('facet', $es_type);
224 $mappings->{data}{properties}{ $name . '__suggestion' } = _get_elasticsearch_field_config('suggestible', $es_type);
226 # Sort is a bit special as it can be true, false, undef.
227 # We care about "true" or "undef",
228 # "undef" means to do the default thing, which is make it sortable.
229 if (!defined $sort || $sort) {
230 $mappings->{data}{properties}{ $name . '__sort' } = _get_elasticsearch_field_config('sort', $es_type);
231 $sort_fields{$self->index}{$name} = 1;
235 $mappings->{data}{properties}{ 'match-heading' } = _get_elasticsearch_field_config('search', 'text') if $self->index eq 'authorities';
236 $all_mappings{$self->index} = $mappings;
238 $self->sort_fields(\%{$sort_fields{$self->index}});
239 return $all_mappings{$self->index};
242 =head2 raw_elasticsearch_mappings
244 Return elasticsearch mapping as it is in database.
245 marc_type: marc21|unimarc|normarc
247 $raw_mappings = raw_elasticsearch_mappings( $marc_type )
251 sub raw_elasticsearch_mappings {
252 my ( $marc_type ) = @_;
254 my $schema = Koha::Database->new()->schema();
256 my $search_fields = Koha::SearchFields->search({}, { order_by => { -asc => 'name' } });
259 while ( my $search_field = $search_fields->next ) {
261 my $marc_to_fields = $schema->resultset('SearchMarcToField')->search(
262 { search_field_id => $search_field->id },
264 join => 'search_marc_map',
265 order_by => { -asc => ['search_marc_map.marc_type','search_marc_map.marc_field'] }
269 while ( my $marc_to_field = $marc_to_fields->next ) {
271 my $marc_map = $marc_to_field->search_marc_map;
273 next if $marc_type && $marc_map->marc_type ne $marc_type;
275 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{label} = $search_field->label;
276 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{type} = $search_field->type;
277 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{mandatory} = $search_field->mandatory;
278 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{facet_order} = $search_field->facet_order if defined $search_field->facet_order;
279 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{weight} = $search_field->weight if defined $search_field->weight;
280 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{opac} = $search_field->opac if defined $search_field->opac;
281 $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{staff_client} = $search_field->staff_client if defined $search_field->staff_client;
283 push (@{ $mappings->{ $marc_map->index_name }{ $search_field->name }{mappings} },
285 facet => $marc_to_field->facet || '',
286 marc_type => $marc_map->marc_type,
287 marc_field => $marc_map->marc_field,
288 sort => $marc_to_field->sort,
289 suggestible => $marc_to_field->suggestible || ''
298 =head2 _get_elasticsearch_field_config
300 Get the Elasticsearch field config for the given purpose and data type.
302 $mapping = _get_elasticsearch_field_config('search', 'text');
306 sub _get_elasticsearch_field_config {
308 my ( $purpose, $type ) = @_;
310 # Use state to speed up repeated calls
311 state $settings = undef;
312 if (!defined $settings) {
313 my $config_file = C4::Context->config('elasticsearch_field_config');
314 $config_file ||= C4::Context->config('intranetdir') . '/admin/searchengine/elasticsearch/field_config.yaml';
315 local $YAML::XS::Boolean = 'JSON::PP';
316 $settings = YAML::XS::LoadFile( $config_file );
319 if (!defined $settings->{$purpose}) {
320 die "Field purpose $purpose not defined in field config";
323 return $settings->{$purpose};
325 if (defined $settings->{$purpose}{$type}) {
326 return $settings->{$purpose}{$type};
328 if (defined $settings->{$purpose}{'default'}) {
329 return $settings->{$purpose}{'default'};
334 =head2 _load_elasticsearch_mappings
336 Load Elasticsearch mappings in the format of mappings.yaml.
338 $indexes = _load_elasticsearch_mappings();
342 sub _load_elasticsearch_mappings {
343 my $mappings_yaml = C4::Context->config('elasticsearch_index_mappings');
344 $mappings_yaml ||= C4::Context->config('intranetdir') . '/admin/searchengine/elasticsearch/mappings.yaml';
345 return YAML::XS::LoadFile( $mappings_yaml );
348 sub reset_elasticsearch_mappings {
350 my $indexes = $self->_load_elasticsearch_mappings();
352 Koha::SearchMarcMaps->delete;
353 Koha::SearchFields->delete;
355 while ( my ( $index_name, $fields ) = each %$indexes ) {
356 while ( my ( $field_name, $data ) = each %$fields ) {
358 my %sf_params = map { $_ => $data->{$_} } grep { exists $data->{$_} } qw/ type label weight staff_client opac facet_order mandatory/;
361 $sf_params{staff_client} //= 1;
362 $sf_params{opac} //= 1;
364 $sf_params{name} = $field_name;
366 my $search_field = Koha::SearchFields->find_or_create( \%sf_params, { key => 'name' } );
368 my $mappings = $data->{mappings};
369 for my $mapping ( @$mappings ) {
370 my $marc_field = Koha::SearchMarcMaps->find_or_create({
371 index_name => $index_name,
372 marc_type => $mapping->{marc_type},
373 marc_field => $mapping->{marc_field}
375 $search_field->add_to_search_marc_maps($marc_field, {
376 facet => $mapping->{facet} || 0,
377 suggestible => $mapping->{suggestible} || 0,
378 sort => $mapping->{sort} // 1,
379 search => $mapping->{search} // 1
385 $self->clear_search_fields_cache();
387 # FIXME return the mappings?
390 # This overrides the accessor provided by Class::Accessor so that if
391 # sort_fields isn't set, then it'll generate it.
395 $self->_sort_fields_accessor(@_);
398 my $val = $self->_sort_fields_accessor();
401 # This will populate the accessor as a side effect
402 $self->get_elasticsearch_mappings();
403 return $self->_sort_fields_accessor();
406 =head2 _process_mappings($mappings, $data, $record_document, $meta)
408 $self->_process_mappings($mappings, $marc_field_data, $record_document, 0)
410 Process all C<$mappings> targets operating on a specific MARC field C<$data>.
411 Since we group all mappings by MARC field targets C<$mappings> will contain
412 all targets for C<$data> and thus we need to fetch the MARC field only once.
413 C<$mappings> will be applied to C<$record_document> and new field values added.
414 The method has no return value.
420 Arrayref of mappings containing arrayrefs in the format
421 [C<$target>, C<$options>] where C<$target> is the name of the target field and
422 C<$options> is a hashref containing processing directives for this particular
427 The source data from a MARC record field.
429 =item C<$record_document>
431 Hashref representing the Elasticsearch document on which mappings should be
436 A hashref containing metadata useful for enforcing per mapping rules. For
437 example for providing extra context for mapping options, or treating mapping
438 targets differently depending on type (sort, search, facet etc). Combining
439 this metadata with the mapping options and metadata allows us to mutate the
440 data per mapping, or even replace it with other data retrieved from the
443 Current properties are:
445 C<altscript>: A boolean value indicating whether an alternate script presentation is being
448 C<data_source>: The source of the $<data> argument. Possible values are: 'leader', 'control_field',
449 'subfield' or 'subfields_group'.
451 C<code>: The code of the subfield C<$data> was retrieved, if C<data_source> is 'subfield'.
453 C<codes>: Subfield codes of the subfields group from which C<$data> was retrieved, if C<data_source>
454 is 'subfields_group'.
456 C<field>: The original C<MARC::Record> object.
462 sub _process_mappings {
463 my ($_self, $mappings, $data, $record_document, $meta) = @_;
464 foreach my $mapping (@{$mappings}) {
465 my ($target, $options) = @{$mapping};
467 # Don't process sort fields for alternate scripts
468 my $sort = $target =~ /__sort$/;
469 if ($sort && $meta->{altscript}) {
473 # Copy (scalar) data since can have multiple targets
474 # with differing options for (possibly) mutating data
475 # so need a different copy for each
476 my $data_copy = $data;
477 if (defined $options->{substr}) {
478 my ($start, $length) = @{$options->{substr}};
479 $data_copy = length($data) > $start ? substr $data_copy, $start, $length : '';
482 # Add data to values array for callbacks processing
483 my $values = [$data_copy];
485 # Value callbacks takes subfield data (or values from previous
486 # callbacks) as argument, and returns a possibly different list of values.
487 # Note that the returned list may also be empty.
488 if (defined $options->{value_callbacks}) {
489 foreach my $callback (@{$options->{value_callbacks}}) {
490 # Pass each value to current callback which returns a list
491 # (scalar is fine too) resulting either in a list or
492 # a list of lists that will be flattened by perl.
493 # The next callback will receive the possibly expanded list of values.
494 $values = [ map { $callback->($_) } @{$values} ];
498 # Skip mapping if all values has been removed
499 next unless @{$values};
501 if (defined $options->{property}) {
502 $values = [ map { { $options->{property} => $_ } if $_} @{$values} ];
504 if (defined $options->{nonfiling_characters_indicator}) {
505 my $nonfiling_chars = $meta->{field}->indicator($options->{nonfiling_characters_indicator});
506 $nonfiling_chars = looks_like_number($nonfiling_chars) ? int($nonfiling_chars) : 0;
507 # Nonfiling chars does not make sense for multiple values
508 # Only apply on first element
509 $values->[0] = substr $values->[0], $nonfiling_chars;
512 $values = [ grep(!/^$/, @{$values}) ];
514 $record_document->{$target} //= [];
515 push @{$record_document->{$target}}, @{$values};
519 =head2 marc_records_to_documents($marc_records)
521 my $record_documents = $self->marc_records_to_documents($marc_records);
523 Using mappings stored in database convert C<$marc_records> to Elasticsearch documents.
525 Returns array of hash references, representing Elasticsearch documents,
526 acceptable as body payload in C<Search::Elasticsearch> requests.
530 =item C<$marc_documents>
532 Reference to array of C<MARC::Record> objects to be converted to Elasticsearch documents.
538 sub marc_records_to_documents {
539 my ($self, $records) = @_;
540 my $rules = $self->_get_marc_mapping_rules();
541 my $control_fields_rules = $rules->{control_fields};
542 my $data_fields_rules = $rules->{data_fields};
543 my $marcflavour = lc C4::Context->preference('marcflavour');
544 my $use_array = C4::Context->preference('ElasticsearchMARCFormat') eq 'ARRAY';
546 my @record_documents;
548 my %auth_match_headings;
549 if( $self->index eq 'authorities' ){
550 my @auth_types = Koha::Authority::Types->search();
551 %auth_match_headings = map { $_->authtypecode => $_->auth_tag_to_report } @auth_types;
554 foreach my $record (@{$records}) {
555 my $record_document = {};
557 if ( $self->index eq 'authorities' ){
558 my $authtypecode = GuessAuthTypeCode( $record );
560 if( $authtypecode !~ m/_SUBD/ ){ #Subdivision records will not be used for linking and so don't require match-heading to be built
561 my $field = $record->field( $auth_match_headings{ $authtypecode } );
562 my $heading = C4::Heading->new_from_field( $field, undef, 1 ); #new auth heading
563 push @{$record_document->{'match-heading'}}, $heading->search_form if $heading;
566 warn "Cannot determine authority type for record: " . $record->field('001')->as_string;
570 my $mappings = $rules->{leader};
572 $self->_process_mappings($mappings, $record->leader(), $record_document, {
574 data_source => 'leader'
578 foreach my $field ($record->fields()) {
579 if ($field->is_control_field()) {
580 my $mappings = $control_fields_rules->{$field->tag()};
582 $self->_process_mappings($mappings, $field->data(), $record_document, {
584 data_source => 'control_field',
591 my $tag = $field->tag();
592 # Handle alternate scripts in MARC 21
594 if ($marcflavour eq 'marc21' && $tag eq '880') {
595 my $sub6 = $field->subfield('6');
596 if ($sub6 =~ /^(...)-\d+/) {
602 my $data_field_rules = $data_fields_rules->{$tag};
603 if ($data_field_rules) {
604 my $subfields_mappings = $data_field_rules->{subfields};
605 my $wildcard_mappings = $subfields_mappings->{'*'};
606 foreach my $subfield ($field->subfields()) {
607 my ($code, $data) = @{$subfield};
608 my $mappings = $subfields_mappings->{$code} // [];
609 if ($wildcard_mappings) {
610 $mappings = [@{$mappings}, @{$wildcard_mappings}];
613 $self->_process_mappings($mappings, $data, $record_document, {
614 altscript => $altscript,
615 data_source => 'subfield',
623 my $subfields_join_mappings = $data_field_rules->{subfields_join};
624 if ($subfields_join_mappings) {
625 foreach my $subfields_group (keys %{$subfields_join_mappings}) {
626 my $data_field = $field->clone; #copy field to preserve for alt scripts
627 $data_field->delete_subfield(match => qr/^$/); #remove empty subfields, otherwise they are printed as a space
628 my $data = $data_field->as_string( $subfields_group ); #get values for subfields as a combined string, preserving record order
630 $self->_process_mappings($subfields_join_mappings->{$subfields_group}, $data, $record_document, {
631 altscript => $altscript,
632 data_source => 'subfields_group',
633 codes => $subfields_group,
643 foreach my $field (keys %{$rules->{defaults}}) {
644 unless (defined $record_document->{$field}) {
645 $record_document->{$field} = $rules->{defaults}->{$field};
648 foreach my $field (@{$rules->{sum}}) {
649 if (defined $record_document->{$field}) {
650 # TODO: validate numeric? filter?
651 # TODO: Or should only accept fields without nested values?
652 # TODO: Quick and dirty, improve if needed
653 $record_document->{$field} = sum0(grep { !ref($_) && m/\d+(\.\d+)?/} @{$record_document->{$field}});
656 # Index all applicable ISBN forms (ISBN-10 and ISBN-13 with and without dashes)
657 foreach my $field (@{$rules->{isbn}}) {
658 if (defined $record_document->{$field}) {
660 foreach my $input_isbn (@{$record_document->{$field}}) {
661 my $isbn = Business::ISBN->new($input_isbn);
662 if (defined $isbn && $isbn->is_valid) {
663 my $isbn13 = $isbn->as_isbn13->as_string;
664 push @isbns, $isbn13;
666 push @isbns, $isbn13;
668 my $isbn10 = $isbn->as_isbn10;
670 $isbn10 = $isbn10->as_string;
671 push @isbns, $isbn10;
673 push @isbns, $isbn10;
676 push @isbns, $input_isbn;
679 $record_document->{$field} = \@isbns;
683 # Remove duplicate values and collapse sort fields
684 foreach my $field (keys %{$record_document}) {
685 if (ref($record_document->{$field}) eq 'ARRAY') {
686 @{$record_document->{$field}} = do {
688 grep { !$seen{ref($_) eq 'HASH' && defined $_->{input} ? $_->{input} : $_}++ } @{$record_document->{$field}};
690 if ($field =~ /__sort$/) {
691 # Make sure to keep the sort field length sensible. 255 was chosen as a nice round value.
692 $record_document->{$field} = [substr(join(' ', @{$record_document->{$field}}), 0, 255)];
697 # TODO: Perhaps should check if $records_document non empty, but really should never be the case
698 $record->encoding('UTF-8');
700 $record_document->{'marc_data_array'} = $self->_marc_to_array($record);
701 $record_document->{'marc_format'} = 'ARRAY';
705 # Temporarily intercept all warn signals (MARC::Record carps when record length > 99999)
706 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
707 push @warnings, $_[0];
709 $record_document->{'marc_data'} = encode_base64(encode('UTF-8', $record->as_usmarc()));
712 # Suppress warnings if record length exceeded
713 unless (substr($record->leader(), 0, 5) eq '99999') {
714 foreach my $warning (@warnings) {
718 $record_document->{'marc_data'} = $record->as_xml_record($marcflavour);
719 $record_document->{'marc_format'} = 'MARCXML';
722 $record_document->{'marc_format'} = 'base64ISO2709';
725 push @record_documents, $record_document;
727 return \@record_documents;
730 =head2 _marc_to_array($record)
732 my @fields = _marc_to_array($record)
734 Convert a MARC::Record to an array modeled after MARC-in-JSON
735 (see https://github.com/marc4j/marc4j/wiki/MARC-in-JSON-Description)
741 A MARC::Record object
748 my ($self, $record) = @_;
751 leader => $record->leader(),
754 for my $field ($record->fields()) {
755 my $tag = $field->tag();
756 if ($field->is_control_field()) {
757 push @{$data->{fields}}, {$tag => $field->data()};
760 foreach my $subfield ($field->subfields()) {
761 my ($code, $contents) = @{$subfield};
762 push @{$subfields}, {$code => $contents};
764 push @{$data->{fields}}, {
766 ind1 => $field->indicator(1),
767 ind2 => $field->indicator(2),
768 subfields => $subfields
776 =head2 _array_to_marc($data)
778 my $record = _array_to_marc($data)
780 Convert an array modeled after MARC-in-JSON to a MARC::Record
786 An array modeled after MARC-in-JSON
787 (see https://github.com/marc4j/marc4j/wiki/MARC-in-JSON-Description)
794 my ($self, $data) = @_;
796 my $record = MARC::Record->new();
798 $record->leader($data->{leader});
799 for my $field (@{$data->{fields}}) {
800 my $tag = (keys %{$field})[0];
801 $field = $field->{$tag};
803 if (ref($field) eq 'HASH') {
805 foreach my $subfield (@{$field->{subfields}}) {
806 my $code = (keys %{$subfield})[0];
807 push @subfields, $code;
808 push @subfields, $subfield->{$code};
810 $marc_field = MARC::Field->new($tag, $field->{ind1}, $field->{ind2}, @subfields);
812 $marc_field = MARC::Field->new($tag, $field)
814 $record->append_fields($marc_field);
820 =head2 _field_mappings($facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $target_name, $target_type, $range)
822 my @mappings = _field_mappings($facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $target_name, $target_type, $range)
824 Get mappings, an internal data structure later used by
825 L<_process_mappings($mappings, $data, $record_document, $meta)> to process MARC target
826 data for a MARC mapping.
828 The returned C<$mappings> is not to to be confused with mappings provided by
829 C<_foreach_mapping>, rather this sub accepts properties from a mapping as
830 provided by C<_foreach_mapping> and expands it to this internal data structure.
831 In the caller context (C<_get_marc_mapping_rules>) the returned C<@mappings>
832 is then applied to each MARC target (leader, control field data, subfield or
833 joined subfields) and integrated into the mapping rules data structure used in
834 C<marc_records_to_documents> to transform MARC records into Elasticsearch
841 Boolean indicating whether to create a facet field for this mapping.
843 =item C<$suggestible>
845 Boolean indicating whether to create a suggestion field for this mapping.
849 Boolean indicating whether to create a sort field for this mapping.
853 Boolean indicating whether to create a search field for this mapping.
855 =item C<$target_name>
857 Elasticsearch document target field name.
859 =item C<$target_type>
861 Elasticsearch document target field type.
865 An optional range as a string in the format "<START>-<END>" or "<START>",
866 where "<START>" and "<END>" are integers specifying a range that will be used
867 for extracting a substring from MARC data as Elasticsearch field target value.
869 The first character position is "0", and the range is inclusive,
870 so "0-2" means the first three characters of MARC data.
872 If only "<START>" is provided only one character at position "<START>" will
879 sub _field_mappings {
880 my ($_self, $facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $target_name, $target_type, $range) = @_;
881 my %mapping_defaults = ();
884 my $substr_args = undef;
885 if (defined $range) {
886 # TODO: use value_callback instead?
887 my ($start, $end) = map(int, split /-/, $range, 2);
888 $substr_args = [$start];
889 push @{$substr_args}, (defined $end ? $end - $start + 1 : 1);
891 my $default_options = {};
893 $default_options->{substr} = $substr_args;
896 # TODO: Should probably have per type value callback/hook
897 # but hard code for now
898 if ($target_type eq 'boolean') {
899 $default_options->{value_callbacks} //= [];
900 push @{$default_options->{value_callbacks}}, sub {
902 # Trim whitespace at both ends
903 $value =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
904 return $value ? 'true' : 'false';
907 elsif ($target_type eq 'year') {
908 $default_options->{value_callbacks} //= [];
909 # Only accept years containing digits and "u"
910 push @{$default_options->{value_callbacks}}, sub {
912 # Replace "u" with "0" for sorting
913 return map { s/[u\s]/0/gr } ( $value =~ /[0-9u\s]{4}/g );
918 my $mapping = [$target_name, $default_options];
919 push @mappings, $mapping;
923 push @suffixes, 'facet' if $facet;
924 push @suffixes, 'suggestion' if $suggestible;
925 push @suffixes, 'sort' if !defined $sort || $sort;
927 foreach my $suffix (@suffixes) {
928 my $mapping = ["${target_name}__$suffix"];
929 # TODO: Hack, fix later in less hideous manner
930 if ($suffix eq 'suggestion') {
931 push @{$mapping}, {%{$default_options}, property => 'input'};
934 # Important! Make shallow clone, or we end up with the same hashref
935 # shared by all mappings
936 push @{$mapping}, {%{$default_options}};
938 push @mappings, $mapping;
943 =head2 _get_marc_mapping_rules
945 my $mapping_rules = $self->_get_marc_mapping_rules()
947 Generates rules from mappings stored in database for MARC records to Elasticsearch JSON document conversion.
949 Since field retrieval is slow in C<MARC::Records> (all fields are itereted through for
950 each call to C<MARC::Record>->field) we create an optimized structure of mapping
951 rules keyed by MARC field tags holding all the mapping rules for that particular tag.
953 We can then iterate through all MARC fields for each record and apply all relevant
954 rules once per fields instead of retreiving fields multiple times for each mapping rule
955 which is terribly slow.
959 # TODO: This structure can be used for processing multiple MARC::Records so is currently
960 # rebuilt for each batch. Since it is cacheable it could also be stored in an in
961 # memory cache which it is currently not. The performance gain of caching
962 # would probably be marginal, but to do this could be a further improvement.
964 sub _get_marc_mapping_rules {
966 my $marcflavour = lc C4::Context->preference('marcflavour');
967 my $field_spec_regexp = qr/^([0-9]{3})([()0-9a-zA-Z]+)?(?:_\/(\d+(?:-\d+)?))?$/;
968 my $leader_regexp = qr/^leader(?:_\/(\d+(?:-\d+)?))?$/;
971 'control_fields' => {},
978 $self->_foreach_mapping(sub {
979 my ($name, $type, $facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $marc_type, $marc_field) = @_;
980 return if $marc_type ne $marcflavour;
982 if ($type eq 'sum') {
983 push @{$rules->{sum}}, $name;
984 push @{$rules->{sum}}, $name."__sort" if $sort;
986 elsif ($type eq 'isbn') {
987 push @{$rules->{isbn}}, $name;
989 elsif ($type eq 'boolean') {
990 # boolean gets special handling, if value doesn't exist for a field,
992 $rules->{defaults}->{$name} = 'false';
995 if ($marc_field =~ $field_spec_regexp) {
1000 # Parse and separate subfields form subfield groups
1002 my $subfield_group = '';
1005 foreach my $token (split //, $2) {
1006 if ($token eq "(") {
1008 Koha::Exceptions::Elasticsearch::MARCFieldExprParseError->throw(
1009 "Unmatched opening parenthesis for $marc_field"
1016 elsif ($token eq ")") {
1018 if ($subfield_group) {
1019 push @subfield_groups, $subfield_group;
1020 $subfield_group = '';
1025 Koha::Exceptions::Elasticsearch::MARCFieldExprParseError->throw(
1026 "Unmatched closing parenthesis for $marc_field"
1030 elsif ($open_group) {
1031 $subfield_group .= $token;
1034 push @subfields, $token;
1039 push @subfields, '*';
1042 my $range = defined $3 ? $3 : undef;
1043 my @mappings = $self->_field_mappings($facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $name, $type, $range);
1044 if ($field_tag < 10) {
1045 $rules->{control_fields}->{$field_tag} //= [];
1046 push @{$rules->{control_fields}->{$field_tag}}, @mappings;
1049 $rules->{data_fields}->{$field_tag} //= {};
1050 foreach my $subfield (@subfields) {
1051 $rules->{data_fields}->{$field_tag}->{subfields}->{$subfield} //= [];
1052 push @{$rules->{data_fields}->{$field_tag}->{subfields}->{$subfield}}, @mappings;
1054 foreach my $subfield_group (@subfield_groups) {
1055 $rules->{data_fields}->{$field_tag}->{subfields_join}->{$subfield_group} //= [];
1056 push @{$rules->{data_fields}->{$field_tag}->{subfields_join}->{$subfield_group}}, @mappings;
1060 elsif ($marc_field =~ $leader_regexp) {
1061 my $range = defined $1 ? $1 : undef;
1062 my @mappings = $self->_field_mappings($facet, $suggestible, $sort, $search, $name, $type, $range);
1063 push @{$rules->{leader}}, @mappings;
1066 Koha::Exceptions::Elasticsearch::MARCFieldExprParseError->throw(
1067 "Invalid MARC field expression: $marc_field"
1072 # Marc-flavour specific rule tweaks, could/should also provide hook for this
1073 if ($marcflavour eq 'marc21') {
1074 # Nonfiling characters processing for sort fields
1076 if ($self->index eq $Koha::SearchEngine::BIBLIOS_INDEX) {
1077 # Format is: nonfiling characters indicator => field names list
1079 1 => [130, 630, 730, 740],
1080 2 => [222, 240, 242, 243, 245, 440, 830]
1083 elsif ($self->index eq $Koha::SearchEngine::AUTHORITIES_INDEX) {
1086 2 => [130, 430, 530]
1089 foreach my $indicator (keys %title_fields) {
1090 foreach my $field_tag (@{$title_fields{$indicator}}) {
1091 my $mappings = $rules->{data_fields}->{$field_tag}->{subfields}->{a} // [];
1092 foreach my $mapping (@{$mappings}) {
1093 if ($mapping->[0] =~ /__sort$/) {
1094 # Mark this as to be processed for nonfiling characters indicator
1095 # later on in _process_mappings
1096 $mapping->[1]->{nonfiling_characters_indicator} = $indicator;
1106 =head2 _foreach_mapping
1108 $self->_foreach_mapping(
1110 my ( $name, $type, $facet, $suggestible, $sort, $marc_type,
1113 return unless $marc_type eq 'marc21';
1114 print "Data comes from: " . $marc_field . "\n";
1118 This allows you to apply a function to each entry in the elasticsearch mappings
1119 table, in order to build the mappings for whatever is needed.
1121 In the provided function, the files are:
1127 The field name for elasticsearch (corresponds to the 'mapping' column in the
1132 The type for this value, e.g. 'string'.
1136 True if this value should be facetised. This only really makes sense if the
1137 field is understood by the facet processing code anyway.
1141 True if this is a field that a) needs special sort handling, and b) if it
1142 should be sorted on. False if a) but not b). Undef if not a). This allows,
1143 for example, author to be sorted on but not everything marked with "author"
1144 to be included in that sort.
1148 A string that indicates the MARC type that this mapping is for, e.g. 'marc21',
1149 'unimarc', 'normarc'.
1151 =item C<$marc_field>
1153 A string that describes the MARC field that contains the data to extract.
1159 sub _foreach_mapping {
1160 my ( $self, $sub ) = @_;
1162 # TODO use a caching framework here
1163 my $search_fields = Koha::Database->schema->resultset('SearchField')->search(
1165 'search_marc_map.index_name' => $self->index,
1167 { join => { search_marc_to_fields => 'search_marc_map' },
1169 'search_marc_to_fields.facet',
1170 'search_marc_to_fields.suggestible',
1171 'search_marc_to_fields.sort',
1172 'search_marc_to_fields.search',
1173 'search_marc_map.marc_type',
1174 'search_marc_map.marc_field',
1187 while ( my $search_field = $search_fields->next ) {
1189 # Force lower case on indexed field names for case insensitive
1190 # field name searches
1191 lc($search_field->name),
1192 $search_field->type,
1193 $search_field->get_column('facet'),
1194 $search_field->get_column('suggestible'),
1195 $search_field->get_column('sort'),
1196 $search_field->get_column('search'),
1197 $search_field->get_column('marc_type'),
1198 $search_field->get_column('marc_field'),
1203 =head2 process_error
1205 die process_error($@);
1207 This parses an Elasticsearch error message and produces a human-readable
1208 result from it. This result is probably missing all the useful information
1209 that you might want in diagnosing an issue, so the warning is also logged.
1211 Note that currently the resulting message is not internationalised. This
1212 will happen eventually by some method or other.
1217 my ($self, $msg) = @_;
1219 warn $msg; # simple logging
1221 # This is super-primitive
1222 return "Unable to understand your search query, please rephrase and try again.\n" if $msg =~ /ParseException/;
1224 return "Unable to perform your search. Please try again.\n";
1227 =head2 _read_configuration
1229 my $conf = _read_configuration();
1231 Reads the I<configuration file> and returns a hash structure with the
1232 configuration information. It raises an exception if mandatory entries
1235 The hashref structure has the following form:
1238 'nodes' => ['127.0.0.1:9200', 'anotherserver:9200'],
1239 'index_name' => 'koha_instance',
1242 This is configured by the following in the C<config> block in koha-conf.xml:
1245 <server>127.0.0.1:9200</server>
1246 <server>anotherserver:9200</server>
1247 <index_name>koha_instance</index_name>
1252 sub _read_configuration {
1256 my $conf = C4::Context->config('elasticsearch');
1257 unless ( defined $conf ) {
1258 Koha::Exceptions::Config::MissingEntry->throw(
1259 "Missing <elasticsearch> entry in koha-conf.xml"
1263 if ( $conf && $conf->{server} ) {
1264 my $nodes = $conf->{server};
1265 if ( ref($nodes) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
1266 $configuration->{nodes} = $nodes;
1269 $configuration->{nodes} = [$nodes];
1273 Koha::Exceptions::Config::MissingEntry->throw(
1274 "Missing <elasticsearch>/<server> entry in koha-conf.xml"
1278 if ( defined $conf->{index_name} ) {
1279 $configuration->{index_name} = $conf->{index_name};
1282 Koha::Exceptions::Config::MissingEntry->throw(
1283 "Missing <elasticsearch>/<index_name> entry in koha-conf.xml",
1287 $configuration->{cxn_pool} = $conf->{cxn_pool} // 'Static';
1289 $configuration->{trace_to} = $conf->{trace_to} if defined $conf->{trace_to};
1291 return $configuration;
1294 =head2 get_facetable_fields
1296 my @facetable_fields = Koha::SearchEngine::Elasticsearch->get_facetable_fields();
1298 Returns the list of Koha::SearchFields marked to be faceted in the ES configuration
1302 sub get_facetable_fields {
1305 # These should correspond to the ES field names, as opposed to the CCL
1306 # things that zebra uses.
1307 my @search_field_names = qw( author itype location su-geo title-series subject ccode holdingbranch homebranch ln );
1308 my @faceted_fields = Koha::SearchFields->search(
1309 { name => { -in => \@search_field_names }, facet_order => { '!=' => undef } }, { order_by => ['facet_order'] }
1311 my @not_faceted_fields = Koha::SearchFields->search(
1312 { name => { -in => \@search_field_names }, facet_order => undef }, { order_by => ['facet_order'] }
1314 # This could certainly be improved
1315 return ( @faceted_fields, @not_faceted_fields );
1318 =head2 clear_search_fields_cache
1320 Koha::SearchEngine::Elasticsearch->clear_search_fields_cache();
1322 Clear cached values for ES search fields
1326 sub clear_search_fields_cache {
1328 my $cache = Koha::Caches->get_instance();
1329 $cache->clear_from_cache('elasticsearch_search_fields_staff_client_biblios');
1330 $cache->clear_from_cache('elasticsearch_search_fields_opac_biblios');
1331 $cache->clear_from_cache('elasticsearch_search_fields_staff_client_authorities');
1332 $cache->clear_from_cache('elasticsearch_search_fields_opac_authorities');
1344 =item Chris Cormack C<< <chrisc@catalyst.net.nz> >>
1346 =item Robin Sheat C<< <robin@catalyst.net.nz> >>
1348 =item Jonathan Druart C<< <jonathan.druart@bugs.koha-community.org> >>